Carbureter.



H. C. .MERRIAM.

- CARBURETERI APPLICATION FILED JULY 15, 1915.

WITNESSES V! mm W E 11 N. M Km 0 11% MI. 4 A M a. Ton a W m. m m M rmnRYcAaiaoLL mnnnmm, or nnrnoir, MICHIGAN To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARRY C. MERRIAM, a

. iQltlZGn of the United States, and a resident r l ef Ddtroit, in the county of Wayne and State :[of Michigan, have invented'certain new and useful Improvements in Carbureters, of which the following is a specification.

"In the use of carburetors now known to in in connection-With internal combust on engines, no arbitrary control of: the fuel mixture delivered to the engine hasbeen possible to meet engine demands due to variations in temperature, and it was in orderto provide suclrcontrol that my invention was, conceived, this referring not alone to the quantity of the mixture but also tov the character thereof, in order that the engine will be neither choked nor starved. I

.'- A further object of my invention is to pro.- vide means for insurin-gthe vaporizing or atomizing of the fuel, whereby air is readily mixed therewith and perfect combustion thereof results, with the consequent economy engine. i

My inyention is fully. described in the following specification, of which the accompanying drawings form a part, in which like characters referito like parts in each of the views, and in which i Figure 1 is an elevation of. acarbiireter constructed in 'accordance with. my inven- I i2-2 of F-ig. 1; Fig. 2. is a 880%1 tiji3n on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2; Fig. fl: is asection unrolled development of one of two rollers which I employ; and Fig. 6 is a-side view of one form of valve control inoperative juxtaposition with a thermometer.

In the drawings forming a part of this or any desired float 9' therein, and a carbureting chamber 10 in communication with the outer air by means of a'pipc 11 and with the valve13 is arranged in the latter pipe and operable by means of a shaft 14 carrying a crank-arm 15, on one'endexterior of the easing and'pipe 12, in, turn connected with a lever 16 y means oi a link 17 and which lever is adapted to of. engine operation, maximum engine elfi-' ciency at each. speed, and practical el mination of soot deposit in the cylinders of the tion; Fig. 2 is a section takeiron the line application I have shown a casing 7 provided with a float-chamber 8, having theusuali engine, not shown, by means of a pipe 12 v lcadiijig to the manifold intake. A butterfly and which, i.

0' connected with the relatively narrow portion 42 with parallel oxnzenan'rnn.

Specification of Letters Patent. P t t d Jun 13, 191g; -Application filed July 16, 1915. Serial No. 40,208.

throttle lever, not shown, as on the steering column of an automobile.

A tube 18 leads from the float chamber 8 tothe carbureting chamber 10 through the medium of a plii- *gra'lity of nozzles 19, 20, and. 21, any desired number of which may be employed These nozzles are provided with valves 19, 20, and 21, respectively, shown as of, the needle type, in pivotal. connection with corresponding levers 19, 20 and 21", in turn pivoted. at 22 to a vertically adjustable plate 23, as clearly shown in Figs. 2 and 6.

. The casing is. provided with a partition 24 slotted to serve as a guide for the levers passed therethrough, thereby maintaining the needle valves in register with the respective nozzles. .The'vertically movable plate 23 isconnected, as by a link 25, with a lever 26 linked to a lever 27 pivoted at 28 and pro vided with a slot 29 adjacent its outer end through which'readings may be taken of a I thermometer 30 arranged beneath, said slot andpi'eferably of segmental form on an arcof a circle having the pivot 28 as its center. Theouter ends .01" the valve levers 19 20", and 21 are normally held in lowermost positions against a portion 31 of the casing casting by means of springs 32, thus'forc'mg the needle valves'into the respective nozzles to prevent the passage of fuel but, when said levers are simultaneously raised, .the fuel 3' may be drawn through said nozzles in the degree of needle valve movement.

.Tournaled in the casing, by means of trunnions 33 and 34 indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 2, are two rollers 35 and 36 in close I relationship with the three nozzles shown takenon the line 45-4 of Fig. 2 Fig. 5 is an and witheach other, these rollers having, each, a portion of the periphery thereof coii centric with the axis of the journals thereof,

as shoivn at 37, and being also provided, each, with a series of grooves 38, 39, and 40 in the peripherythereof'to present a cam 89 of intermediate length, as is clearly shown inthe plane view of one roller periphery in Fig. 5, this variation in lengths constituting an important feature in the control of the cai'buretr; Each of these grooves, the sides of which are parallel, is continued to form a p rtion 41 with converging sides turn, is continued to form a sidesancl of a width approximating the di- 'ameter of the nozzles'and in the positions-of the respective ones of which said grooves are located. The tr'unnions 33 and 34 carry enmeshed segmental gears 43 and 44 in, order to insure fcomplemental roller revolut on,

"this being accomplished by means of the lever 16 which iske'yed onthe trunnion 34,

whereby the rollers and the butterflywalve are simultaneouslyactuated'by the throttle lever on'the steering column of an automobile, not shown.

The needle levers 19", 20", and 2l lfglsefeach provided with legs 45, only one of Which is ends bearing on the roller 36,'the levers thus sho,wn, 'carrying rollers 46 on their lower being fulcrumed on the ridge 31 for move-. ment by means of the plate 23 when the said plate .is-raised and when Said legs/are raised -ithe groove 38, the last of which is the shortest and, is similarly arranged with re -g. speet to the groove 40, and the'sec'ond of whichis of intermediate length-and is lo-v c-ated in line with the groove-39 as clearly Walves accordin ly. I

shown in Fig. 5, and these cams are likewise arranged in line with the respective rollers 46 to raise or lower the respective' -*needle levers. The needle levers are collectively I'noved by the lever 27 but are individually v movable by means of the cams 47,48 ands-5i, thereby actuating the respective i needle- With the rollers inthe initial 'pbsitions 7 shown in Fig. 2 the concentric portionsbear against the pointed sides of the needle valves, and the narrowest portions of-the grooves at the pointed ends thereof bear against the sideszofthe respective nozzles,

- thus preventing airfrom passing upwardly at the sides of said nozzles and, if the needle valves be raised at this time, only oil will be j drawn out of the 'nozzles by the suction of the engine. If, however, the valves should be raised at this time, the butterfly valve in the pipe 12 will prevent any such suctionin view of'the fact that said butterfly valveis closed .with the rollersin the, positions shown. When thelev'er '16 is'moved to re volvev the rollers inthe directions of the arrows, the tapered portion 41 of the groove 38 provides an air passage along thejsideof the nozzle 19 of a size determined by the dey *gree of roller revolution and the butterfly .valve" 13 is partially openedto-the iengine,'-j

thus allowing air to be drawn into the carbureting chamber in a relatively small quanti'ty. As this roller revolution occtirs the cam.47 slightly raises the lever IQ'flhnxithe thusadinitting fuel to the 'earbureting bhainber, which fuel mixes with the air passing upwardly around the nozzle 19 and the mixtureis drawn toward the engine. Still further revolution of the rollers opens the groove 38 to its limit and carries the tapered portion of the groove'39-to the position of the nozzle QO and the cam 48 to a point beneath the roller of th'eneedle lever 20", thus raising the needle valve 205, this being in the degree of roller revolution, and .it will thus be seen that one nozzle is delivering its maximum. air and some fuel ,to the 'oarbureting chamber, and one nozzle is delivering a partial'air supply with afuel sup ply determined by'the degree of adjustment of the parts. Still further revolution of the rollers causes full air supply at two nozzles and some fuel therefrom, and a partial air supply at the nozzle 21 determinedby the relative position of thetapered portion of the groove 40 with respect thereto, together with. afuel supply atthe last named nozzle determined by the' positioni of the cam l9 ,With rescpect to the roller of. the. needle lever 9o when the roller revolution hasv reached its limit 'a' full air supply is being delivered at all the nozzles, and as much fuel as may pass the needle valves in the adjusted bsitions dueto the cams 47', 48, and 49*. T e butterfly valve 13fis now 'fully opened and the needle leversarezinthe positions indicated-by dotted linesjgin lijg. 2, the lever 27 being a tithi sitime 'setnt '100 degrees F.,-a temperature at which'the fuel readilyvaporizes andhmixes'i with the air,

and ,the engine'is'running at'maximum' efii- 1 ciency,,but under the control of the lever 16 {and its connected lever, notshown. If, now,

the temperature should drop to degrees '1 more fuel will be required, in other words the mixture will need-to belenriched correspondingly and, if the lever 27 be moved 'into register'withf 60km thethermometer,"tlie plate 23 is'depressed and the needle 'lever'sare collectively raised to raise all the needle valves in'unison', regardless of their individual adjustment by means of the cams or the freedom from the cams,'and' a; corresponding ncrease in fuel -1s provided,

This is-true of any of. the possible adjustjust each of a plurality of" valves indi- DIBlItS, to the different degrees of heat as 'registeredb the thermometer, of the lever' 27, and it"'w1ll thus'be 'seen that I advidually and successively for fuel supplyand at the same'time adjust the rollersto an .a'irsupply for each nozzle individually and successively, from the steering column in the the quantity of mixture supplied to the engine, andto also atwill varythe quality of the mixture to enrlch or impoverish the same faccordi g being pl) normal operation of an automobile,'to' varyto climatic conditions, these results tamed from a plurality of nozzles 113 whichinsule more complete vaporization or p atomization according'to the number thereof employed. j

Aside froml the duplication or multiplicat on-,of the nozzles and valves therefor and the grooved rollers for controlling the v air supply carrying the cams for controla ling thefuel-supply valves,the details shown ventiom The specific type, of nozzles, of

valves,"and of connections with the "manna ally actuated levers, are unimportant and and described may be materially modified and still be within the scope of the ,fOllOW- ing claims and within the spirit of my in- "rnay be altered to meetv varying conditions and to conform to difi'erent types of auto mobiles, boats, and air-craft, my main in-- tent being to supply fuel from one nozzle and air around the same for. one demand of the engine, from two nozzles for another demand, for another demand, three nozzles,

and so on, in the normal operation of an i engine, and to be enabled to-control'all of said nozzles collectively to meet varying air supply. therefrom and, when theengine tends to suckthe oil through the nozzle in excess quantity for the mixture desired, an-

conditions due to'climatic changes.

i ln advantage possessed by my carbureter lies in the ability to run the engine from one nozzle and positively control the fuel and other nozzle may be brought into 'operation, and upon demand still anothernozzle, and soon, the relative quantitiesof fuel and air, being constant at all the nozzles in any ad ,justnientfof the rollers, except with the noz-. zles entirely throttl'edf thisnot only tends to economy in the fuel, but insures maximum eflicieney under all conditions because of the proper mixture supphed thereto, and

- also avoids the sooting of the cylinders common to present carbureters,

Having fully described my invention,

' what I'claim as new, and" desire to secure by Letters Patent, is v 1. A carbureter, comprising a fuel su'pply, a plurality of nozzles in communication therewith, a valve for each nozzle, a

roller on'each side of said nozzles-provided with a groove closely fitting the respective nozzle to prevent the passage of air, said groovesbeing widened for a desired portion .oftheir lengths,

' rollers to bring esired portions of said grooves adjacent said nozzles to control the individual w nozzle to cans for revolving. said passage of air betweensaid nozzles and rollers an? means for actuating saidvalves V 2. A carbureter, comprising a fuel supply, a plurality of nozzlesm communication therewith, a valvefor each nozzle, a roller on each side of said nozzles provided with a groove closely fitting thsrespective preventthe passage of air, said grooves bemg widened for a desired portion of their lengths, means for ,bringing the widened portions of said grooves adjacent the respective nozzles individuallv and suctween 'said rollers and therespective noz zles, and means for actuating said valves individually. y

.3. A carbureter, comprising a fuel supply, a plurality of nozzles 'infcommunication therewith, a valve for each nozzle, a roller on each side of said nozzles providedwith cessively to control the passageoi airbea groove closely jfitting the respective nozzle to prevent the passage of air, means for bringing widened portions ofi said grooves ad acent the respective nozzlesjndividually and successively to control the passage of air between said rollers and the respective nozzles, and means on said, rollers for simultaneously actuating the valve avith the air control .of each nozzle.

. 41A carbureter, comprising a fuel supply, a plurality of'nozzles in communication therewith, a valve for each nozzle, a roller op each side of said-nozzles provided with a groove closely fitting the respective nozzle to prevent the passage of air, said grooves being widened for a desired portion ot' their lengths, means for bringing the widened portions of" each of said grooves" adjacent each -of said nozzles individually and successivelvto control the passage of air between said rollers" and the respective nozzles, one of said rollers being provided with a cam for actuating each of said valves simultaneously. with the movement of the air control grooves, thereof.

5. A carburetor, comprising a fuel sup- 'ply, a plurality ofnozzles in communica- .tion therewith, a valve for each nozzle,

'ply means for each of said nozzles simultaneously and at'successive periods,eplate in operative connection with all of said valves, and means exterior of said carbureter for actuating saidlplate to actuate all of said valves simultaneously, irrespective of the positions of said first named valve controls and said air supply controls. i

. 7. A carbureter, comprising a incl sup therewith, al-valve for each nozzle, means for supplying air around each nozzle, means for simultaneously actuating the valve of eachnozzle and the air supply means thereof, individually, a lever in pivotal connection' with each valve, a support for each end ply, a plurality of-nozzles in combination:

. thereof, a plate'in ivotal connectioh with all of said levers, said plate serving as the fulcrums for all of said levers in the cperation -'0f the individual valve co'ntrol' meanfs, a1id one of said supports servingas the fulcrum of each lever for the simultaneousacmation of all of saidleversby said plate, to-control said valves collectively.

ply,'aplurality of nozzlesin combination V therewith, a valve for each nozzle, meansfor supplymg air around each nozzle, means for controlling said valves and said air supvalves simultaneously, and a thermometer 'for gaging the degree of. adjustment of said supplemental valve actuating means' .Intestimohy whereof I have signed my 20 name to this'specification in the presence of 8. A carburt'etencompnsing a fuel sup-4 two subscribing Witnesses;

HARRY" CARROLL vWitnesses: I'IARRY J LIrgPMAN,

MARY B. OARNEYL MERRI'AM. 

